Calibration of UAV Flight Parameters to Inspect the Deterioration of Heritage Façades Using Orthogonal Arrays

Heritage façades are relevant to the historical preservation and identity of a city. Their deterioration can cause devaluation urban environment, together with accidents caused by possible detachment their different elements; therefore, maintaining them is crucial. It important have early warning systems in place, which would indicate potential damage such façades, be factors as humidity, earthquakes, passage time, or even people. This often done through visual inspection; however, inspection affected external factors, financing on-site availability experts. Unmanned aircraft vehicles (UAVs) practical economical tool that has facilitated improved imaging regulating parameters camera angle, capture distance image overlap, thus allowing improvements photogrammetry techniques for virtual reconstruction processes. Although implementation this technology been studied recent years, research focused primarily on horizontal structures, roads. In case vertical flight traditionally defined trial error, without any methodological procedure. Therefore, paper proposes methodology calibrate UAV build photogrammetric 3D model structure. proposal based development series experiments configured Taguchi orthogonal arrays, method significantly reduces number required. applied study façade architectural heritage features. The results obtained offer plan optimal achieve efficiency images an achieving optimisation resources time.